碳纤维杆--碳纤维材料的化学性质

碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)的化(hua)学性(xing)(xing)质与碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)相似，它(ta)除(chu)能被强(qiang)氧(yang)化(hua)剂(ji)氧(yang)化(hua)外，对一(yi)般碱性(xing)(xing)是惰性(xing)(xing)的。在(zai)空气中(zhong)温(wen)度高于400℃时(shi)则出现明(ming)显的氧(yang)化(hua)，生(sheng)成(cheng)CO与CO2。碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)对一(yi)般的有(you)机溶剂(ji)、酸(suan)、碱都具有(you)良好(hao)的耐腐蚀性(xing)(xing)，不(bu)溶不(bu)胀，耐蚀性(xing)(xing)出类拔萃，完(wan)全(quan)不(bu)存在(zai)生(sheng)锈的问题。有(you)学者在(zai)1981年(nian)将PAN基碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)浸泡在(zai)强(qiang)碱氢氧(yang)化(hua)钠溶液中(zhong)，时(shi)间已过去(qu)30多年(nian)，它(ta)仍(reng)保持(chi)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)形态(tai)。但其(qi)耐冲击性(xing)(xing)较(jiao)差(cha)，容易损伤，在(zai)强(qiang)酸(suan)作用(yong)下发生(sheng)氧(yang)化(hua)，碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)的电动势为正值，而(er)铝(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)的电动势为负值。当(dang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)复合(he)(he)材料(liao)与与铝(lv)合(he)(he)金(jin)组合(he)(he)应用(yong)时(shi)会发生(sheng)金(jin)属(shu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)化(hua)、渗碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)及电化(hua)学腐蚀现象(xiang)。因此，碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)在(zai)使用(yong)前须进行表面处理。碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)还有(you)耐油、抗(kang)辐射、抗(kang)放(fang)射、吸收有(you)毒气体和(he)减(jian)速中(zhong)子等特性(xing)(xing)。