碳(tan)(tan)纤维管碳(tan)(tan)纤维表面化学镀铜工艺(yi)
; 碳纤(xian)维镀(du)铜(tong)前的表面处(chu)理的重要性及(ji)其处(chu)理方法
镀(du)铜(tong)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)铜(tong)镀(du)层(ceng)是以机械嵌合(he)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式和碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)结合(he)在(zai)一起的(de)(de)(de)。镀(du)铜(tong)时(shi),析(xi)出的(de)(de)(de)铜(tong)原子极易在(zai)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表面富集,而且首先是在(zai)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表面的(de)(de)(de)沟槽内沉积,因(yin)此(ci)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表面的(de)(de)(de)粗糙度(du)在(zai)很大(da)程度(du)上影响了镀(du)层(ceng)与碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)紧密结合(he)程度(du)。未经表面处(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表面呈疏水性(xing)(xing),电镀(du)时(shi)会在(zai)表面呈现黑斑,因(yin)此(ci)必须对(dui)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)进行表面处(chu)理。提高碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)表面活性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法较(jiao)多(duo),(1)采(cai)用丙烯酸和硫酸混合(he)液(ye)为接枝液(ye)体,放(fang)入(ru)待改(gai)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),保证液(ye)体将碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)完(wan)全浸(jin)没(mei);然后(hou)缓慢地加(jia)入(ru)高锰酸钾(jia)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye),加(jia)入(ru)前后(hou)保持溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)不变色,进行接枝反应;(2)将反应后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)从(cong)溶(rong)(rong)液(ye)中取出,用去离子水反复冲洗数次(ci),再放(fang)入(ru)沸水中煮沸,烘干。该方(fang)法操作简单,成(cheng)本低廉(lian),且对(dui)环境无污(wu)染,便于工(gong)业化。
碳纤维的化学镀铜
碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)铜(tong)的基本过程(cheng)是(shi)(shi)碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)维经表(biao)面(mian)处(chu)理后经过敏化(hua)(hua)、活(huo)化(hua)(hua)、还(hai)原、解(jie)胶,最后在镀(du)(du)铜(tong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)进(jin)行化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)铜(tong)。化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)的关键在活(huo)化(hua)(hua)和化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)铜(tong)。化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)铜(tong)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的主(zhu)盐就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)铜(tong)盐,该(gai)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)通(tong)常由硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)铜(tong)、酒石(shi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)钾钠、氢氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)钠、甲醛(quan)等配制而成。该(gai)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)最大(da)的缺点(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)不稳定,短时间内就(jiu)会失效。为(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)解(jie)决以(yi)(yi)上的缺点(dian),本试验做了(le)如下改(gai)进(jin):①以(yi)(yi)甲醛(quan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)例:以(yi)(yi)甲醛(quan)作还(hai)原剂(ji)的化(hua)(hua)学(xue)镀(du)(du)铜(tong)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)碱性的,为(wei)(wei)(wei)防止铜(tong)离子(zi)形成氢氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)物沉淀析出,镀(du)(du)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)必须加入络合剂(ji),以(yi)(yi)使铜(tong)离子(zi)成为(wei)(wei)(wei)络离子(zi)状态。可以(yi)(yi)选用的络合剂(ji)有酒石(shi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)钾钠、柠檬酸(suan)(suan)(suan)钠、葡萄(tao)糖酸(suan)(suan)(suan)钠、三乙醇(chun)胺、四羟(qiang)丙基乙二胺、甘油(you)、甘醇(chun)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、EDTA等。
