碳纤维管--碳纤维化学性质介绍

碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维的(de)化(hua)学(xue)性质与碳(tan)相识，它(ta)除(chu)能(neng)被强(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)剂氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)外，对一般(ban)碱(jian)(jian)性是惰性的(de)。在(zai)空气(qi)中温度高于400℃时(shi)(shi)则出(chu)现明显的(de)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)，生(sheng)成CO与CO2。[6-7]  碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维对一般(ban)的(de)有(you)机溶(rong)剂、酸、碱(jian)(jian)都(dou)具有(you)良好的(de)耐腐蚀(shi)(shi)性，不(bu)溶(rong)不(bu)胀，耐蚀(shi)(shi)性出(chu)类拔萃，完全(quan)不(bu)存在(zai)生(sheng)锈的(de)问题。[10]  有(you)学(xue)者在(zai)1981年将PAN基碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维浸泡在(zai)强(qiang)碱(jian)(jian)氢氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)钠溶(rong)液(ye)中，时(shi)(shi)间(jian)已过去30多年，它(ta)仍(reng)保(bao)持纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维形态。但其耐冲(chong)击(ji)性较差，容易损伤，在(zai)强(qiang)酸作用下发生(sheng)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)，碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维的(de)电(dian)(dian)动(dong)势为正(zheng)值(zhi)，而铝合金的(de)电(dian)(dian)动(dong)势为负(fu)值(zhi)。当碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维复合材(cai)料与与铝合金组(zu)合应用时(shi)(shi)会发生(sheng)金属碳(tan)化(hua)、渗碳(tan)及(ji)电(dian)(dian)化(hua)学(xue)腐蚀(shi)(shi)现象。因此，碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维在(zai)使用前须进行(xing)表面(mian)处(chu)理。[4]  碳(tan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)维还有(you)耐油、抗辐射(she)(she)、抗放射(she)(she)、吸收有(you)毒气(qi)体(ti)和减(jian)速(su)中子等(deng)特性。