玻璃(li)纤(xian)维(wei)按形态和长(zhang)度(du)，可(ke)分(fen)为连续纤(xian)维(wei)、定(ding)长(zhang)纤(xian)维(wei)和玻璃(li)棉；按玻璃(li)成分(fen)，可(ke)分(fen)为无碱(jian)、耐化学、高碱(jian)、中碱(jian)、高强度(du)、高弹性模量和抗碱(jian)玻璃(li)纤(xian)维(wei)等(deng)。
生(sheng)产(chan)玻璃(li)(li)(li)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)主要(yao)原料是：石(shi)英砂、氧(yang)化铝和叶蜡石(shi)、石(shi)灰(hui)石(shi)、白云(yun)石(shi)、硼酸、纯(chun)碱、芒硝、萤石(shi)等。生(sheng)产(chan)方法(fa)(fa)大(da)致分两类：一类是将熔融玻璃(li)(li)(li)直接制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)；一类是将熔融玻璃(li)(li)(li)先制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直径(jing)20mm的(de)(de)玻璃(li)(li)(li)球或棒(bang)，再以(yi)多种(zhong)方式(shi)加热重熔后制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)直径(jing)为 3～80μm的(de)(de)甚细纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)。通(tong)过铂合金板以(yi)机械(xie)拉丝方法(fa)(fa)拉制(zhi)的(de)(de)无限长(zhang)的(de)(de)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)，称(cheng)(cheng)为连续(xu)玻璃(li)(li)(li)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)，通(tong)称(cheng)(cheng)长(zhang)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)。通(tong)过辊筒或气流(liu)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)非连续(xu)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei),称(cheng)(cheng)为定长(zhang)玻璃(li)(li)(li)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)，通(tong)称(cheng)(cheng)短(duan)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)。借离心力或高速气流(liu)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)细、短(duan)、絮状纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)，称(cheng)(cheng)为玻璃(li)(li)(li)棉。玻璃(li)(li)(li)纤(xian)(xian)(xian)维(wei)(wei)(wei)经(jing)加工，可制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)多种(zhong)形态(tai)的(de)(de)制(zhi)品，如纱(sha)、无捻粗纱(sha)、短(duan)切原丝、布、带、毡(zhan)、板、管等。
玻(bo)璃纤维(wei)(wei)按组(zu)成、性(xing)质和用途，分为(wei)(wei)不(bu)同的级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)别。按标准级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)规定(见表(biao))，E级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)玻(bo)璃纤维(wei)(wei)使(shi)用最普遍，广泛用于(yu)电(dian)绝缘材(cai)料；S级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)特殊纤维(wei)(wei)，虽然产量(liang)小，但很重要(yao)，因具(ju)有超(chao)强(qiang)度，主要(yao)用于(yu)军事防御，如防弹箱等；C级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比(bi)E级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)更具(ju)耐化(hua)学性(xing)，用于(yu)电(dian)池(chi)隔离板、化(hua)学滤毒器；A级(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)碱性(xing)玻(bo)璃纤维(wei)(wei)，用于(yu)生产增强(qiang)材(cai)料。
玻璃纤维(wei)杆, 碳纤维(wei)杆 ,玻璃纤维(wei)管 碳纤维(wei)管
